1. The proc filesystem doesn't seem to recognise the spare (sdj4) -----------------------------------------------------------------
$ cat /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] 
md1 : inactive sdh4[2](S) sdf4[3](S) sdg4[1](S) sdi4[0](S)
      3863535616 blocks
unused devices: 
2. Using Mdadm to examine the device /dev/md1 ---------------------------------------------
sudo mdadm --examine /dev/md1
mdadm: No md superblock detected on /dev/md1.
3. Using Mdadm to examine the partitions + the spare that make up /dev/md1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3.1. sdf4 - seems to report AOK -------------------------------
$ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdf4
/dev/sdf4:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 00.90.00
           UUID : f4ddbd55:206c7f81:b855f41b:37d33d37
  Creation Time : Tue May  6 02:06:45 2008
     Raid Level : raid10
  Used Dev Size : 965883904 (921.14 GiB 989.07 GB)
     Array Size : 1931767808 (1842.28 GiB 1978.13 GB)
   Raid Devices : 4
  Total Devices : 4
Preferred Minor : 1

    Update Time : Mon May 24 02:12:54 2010
          State : clean
 Active Devices : 4
Working Devices : 4
 Failed Devices : 0
  Spare Devices : 0
       Checksum : 7d3a624c - correct
         Events : 7828427

         Layout : near=2, far=1
     Chunk Size : 64K

      Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
this     3       8       84        3      active sync   /dev/sdf4

   0     0       8      132        0      active sync   /dev/sdi4
   1     1       8      100        1      active sync   /dev/sdg4
   2     2       8      116        2      active sync   /dev/sdh4
   3     3       8       84        3      active sync   /dev/sdf4
3.2. sdg4 - seems to think two of the four partitions are AOK --------------------------------------------------------------
$ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdg4
/dev/sdg4:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 00.90.00
           UUID : f4ddbd55:206c7f81:b855f41b:37d33d37
  Creation Time : Tue May  6 02:06:45 2008
     Raid Level : raid10
  Used Dev Size : 965883904 (921.14 GiB 989.07 GB)
     Array Size : 1931767808 (1842.28 GiB 1978.13 GB)
   Raid Devices : 4
  Total Devices : 4
Preferred Minor : 1

    Update Time : Sat May 29 01:12:30 2010
          State : active
 Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
 Failed Devices : 1
  Spare Devices : 0
       Checksum : 7ccd4c92 - correct
         Events : 8079459

         Layout : near=2, far=1
     Chunk Size : 64K

      Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
this     1       8      100        1      active sync   /dev/sdg4

   0     0       0        0        0      removed
   1     1       8      100        1      active sync   /dev/sdg4
   2     2       8      116        2      active sync   /dev/sdh4
   3     3       0        0        3      faulty removed
3.3. sdh4 - seems to have two personalities -------------------------------------------
$ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdh4
/dev/sdh4:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 00.90.00
           UUID : f4ddbd55:206c7f81:b855f41b:37d33d37
  Creation Time : Tue May  6 02:06:45 2008
     Raid Level : raid10
  Used Dev Size : 965883904 (921.14 GiB 989.07 GB)
     Array Size : 1931767808 (1842.28 GiB 1978.13 GB)
   Raid Devices : 4
  Total Devices : 4
Preferred Minor : 1

    Update Time : Sat May 29 01:26:30 2010
          State : clean
 Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
 Failed Devices : 2
  Spare Devices : 0
       Checksum : 7d4898bb - correct
         Events : 8079505

         Layout : near=2, far=1
     Chunk Size : 64K

      Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
this     2       8      116        2      active sync   /dev/sdh4

   0     0       0        0        0      removed
   1     1       0        0        1      faulty removed
   2     2       8      116        2      active sync   /dev/sdh4
   3     3       0        0        3      faulty removed
3.4. sdi4 - seems to think all 4 partitions are AOK ---------------------------------------------------
$ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdi4
/dev/sdi4:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 00.90.00
           UUID : f4ddbd55:206c7f81:b855f41b:37d33d37
  Creation Time : Tue May  6 02:06:45 2008
     Raid Level : raid10
  Used Dev Size : 965883904 (921.14 GiB 989.07 GB)
     Array Size : 1931767808 (1842.28 GiB 1978.13 GB)
   Raid Devices : 4
  Total Devices : 4
Preferred Minor : 1

    Update Time : Mon May 24 02:12:54 2010
          State : clean
 Active Devices : 4
Working Devices : 4
 Failed Devices : 0
  Spare Devices : 0
       Checksum : 7d3a6276 - correct
         Events : 7828427

         Layout : near=2, far=1
     Chunk Size : 64K

      Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
this     0       8      132        0      active sync   /dev/sdi4

   0     0       8      132        0      active sync   /dev/sdi4
   1     1       8      100        1      active sync   /dev/sdg4
   2     2       8      116        2      active sync   /dev/sdh4
   3     3       8       84        3      active sync   /dev/sdf4
3.5. sdj4 should be the spare, but it seems to think that sdf4 is the spare ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdj4
[sudo] password for davef: 
/dev/sdj4:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 00.90.00
           UUID : f4ddbd55:206c7f81:b855f41b:37d33d37
  Creation Time : Tue May  6 02:06:45 2008
     Raid Level : raid10
  Used Dev Size : 965883904 (921.14 GiB 989.07 GB)
     Array Size : 1931767808 (1842.28 GiB 1978.13 GB)
   Raid Devices : 4
  Total Devices : 5
Preferred Minor : 1

    Update Time : Tue Oct  6 18:01:45 2009
          State : clean
 Active Devices : 4
Working Devices : 5
 Failed Devices : 0
  Spare Devices : 1
       Checksum : 7b1d23e4 - correct
         Events : 370

         Layout : near=2, far=1
     Chunk Size : 64K

      Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
this     3       8      148        3      active sync   /dev/sdj4

   0     0       8      132        0      active sync   /dev/sdi4
   1     1       8      100        1      active sync   /dev/sdg4
   2     2       8      116        2      active sync   /dev/sdh4
   3     3       8      148        3      active sync   /dev/sdj4
   4     4       8       84        4      spare   /dev/sdf4
4. Output from TestDisk ----------------------- Disk /dev/sdf - 1000 GB / 931 GiB - CHS 121601 255 63, sector size=512 Disk /dev/sdg - 1000 GB / 931 GiB - CHS 121601 255 63, sector size=512 Disk /dev/sdh - 1000 GB / 931 GiB - CHS 121601 255 63, sector size=512 Disk /dev/sdi - 1000 GB / 931 GiB - CHS 121601 255 63, sector size=512 Disk /dev/sdj - 1000 GB / 931 GiB - CHS 121601 255 63, sector size=512 Disk /dev/sdf - 1000 GB / 931 GiB - CHS 121601 255 63 Partition Start End Size in sectors 1 * Linux 0 1 1 15 254 63 256977 2 P Linux 16 0 1 1231 254 63 19535040 3 P Linux Swap 1232 0 1 1353 254 63 1959930 4 P Linux RAID 1354 0 1 121600 254 63 1931768055 [md1] Disk /dev/sdg - 1000 GB / 931 GiB - CHS 121601 255 63 Partition Start End Size in sectors No EXT2, JFS, Reiser, cramfs or XFS marker 1 P Linux 0 1 1 15 254 63 256977 1 P Linux 0 1 1 15 254 63 256977 Invalid RAID superblock 2 P Linux RAID 16 0 1 1231 254 63 19535040 2 P Linux RAID 16 0 1 1231 254 63 19535040 3 P Linux Swap 1232 0 1 1353 254 63 1959930 4 P Linux RAID 1354 0 1 121600 254 63 1931768055 [md1] No partition is bootable Disk /dev/sdh - 1000 GB / 931 GiB - CHS 121601 255 63 Partition Start End Size in sectors No EXT2, JFS, Reiser, cramfs or XFS marker 1 * Linux 0 1 1 15 254 63 256977 1 * Linux 0 1 1 15 254 63 256977 Invalid RAID superblock 2 P Linux RAID 16 0 1 1231 254 63 19535040 2 P Linux RAID 16 0 1 1231 254 63 19535040 3 P Linux Swap 1232 0 1 1353 254 63 1959930 4 P Linux RAID 1354 0 1 121600 254 63 1931768055 [md1] Disk /dev/sdi - 1000 GB / 931 GiB - CHS 121601 255 63 Partition Start End Size in sectors No EXT2, JFS, Reiser, cramfs or XFS marker 1 P Linux 0 1 1 15 254 63 256977 1 P Linux 0 1 1 15 254 63 256977 2 P Linux RAID 16 0 1 1231 254 63 19535040 [md0] 3 P Linux Swap 1232 0 1 1353 254 63 1959930 4 P Linux RAID 1354 0 1 121600 254 63 1931768055 [md1] No partition is bootable Disk /dev/sdj - 1000 GB / 931 GiB - CHS 121601 255 63 Partition Start End Size in sectors No EXT2, JFS, Reiser, cramfs or XFS marker 1 P Linux 0 1 1 15 254 63 256977 1 P Linux 0 1 1 15 254 63 256977 2 * Linux 16 0 1 1231 254 63 19535040 3 P Linux Swap 1232 0 1 1353 254 63 1959930 4 P Linux RAID 1354 0 1 121600 254 63 1931768055 [md1]