That seems reasonable. Ithink that what I did to make it work was change from the options to gpg.conf files and restart KMail. I think that what you are using is the IETF endorsed OpenPGP, which is described in MIME Security with Pretty Good Privacy, RFC 3156. S/MIME is proprietory and favoured by the fans of Bill G. Ref: http://www.imc.org/smime-pgpmime.html -- rayH